Social Sciences Chile  CHILE 12/06/2014

Gigantic Explosions Buried in Dust: ALMA Probes Environment around Gamma Ray Bursts

This work will appear in the journal Nature on 12 June 2014 and is the first ALMA science result on GRBs to appear

Japanese observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have for the first time directly mapped out the molecular gas and dust in the host galaxies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) — the biggest explosions in the Universe. In a complete surprise, less gas was observed than expected, and correspondingly much more dust, making some GRBs appear as “dark GRBs”. This work will appear in the journal Nature on 12 June 2014 and is the first ALMA science result on GRBs to appear. It shows ALMA’s potential to help us to better understand these objects.

 Ilustración del entorno que rodea al GRB 020819B, basado en observaciones de ALMA. Crédito: NAOJ
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Nutrition Colombia  ANTIOQUIA 11/06/2014

Protein map of swine seminal plasma developed

Swine semen is one of the most difficult to cryopreserve. The discover could be used to find a way of maintaining these cells stable for a long time

Although domestic swine seminal plasma (a semen fraction) proteins had already been identified, a map of some of these proteins had not been yet produced. A UNal zootechnician obtained a protein map. The project developed was part of the doctorate thesis work of Verónica González Cardona, a UNal alumnus who has recently returned to Colombia after completing her graduate work in Brazil.

Fluido seminal. FOTO: img.xatakaciencia.com
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Nutrition Spain  SALAMANCA 10/06/2014

Organic amendments modify action of pesticides

IRNASA has studied the effect that organic residues have in herbicide, fungicide and insecticide behaviors

The low content of organic matter of some agricultural soils makes the farmers use organic residues to increase their fertility and obtain better harvests. They need to make use of pesticides to fight insects, fungi or weed simultaneously. The Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA, center of CSIC) has studied the effect of combining different organic amendments with many pesticides which may cause contamination problems if not applied correctly.

 Experimentos en suelos enmendados. Foto: IRNASA.
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Health Spain  SALAMANCA 09/06/2014

The inhibition of a family of proteins helps to fight chronic myeloid leukemia

A team of researchers of IBSAL has found a new therapeutic target cell, a discovery that may help to develop a complementary therapy to the current one, according to a work published at ‘Clinical Cancer Research’

A team of researchers of Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL) has identified a family of proteins called NADPH oxidases that could be a good therapeutic target cell to fight chronic myeloid leukemia. Even though this type of cancer is caused by an oncoprotein for which there are treatments already, until now, scientists have been able to control the disease, but not heal it. They think that combining the existing therapy with inhibitors of this family of proteins will produce good results, just like cellular cultures and animal models have already confirmed.

 De izquierda a derecha, Beatriz Sánchez, Consuelo del Cañizo, Carmen Guerrero y �ngel Hernández.
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Nutrition Brazil  BRASIL 09/06/2014

Search for new bacteria leads researchers to extreme environments

Samples collected from diverse places such as the Pacific Ocean’s Mariana Trench and Chile’s Atacama Desert reveal microorganisms with anticancer and antibiotic properties

Collecting bacteria in the marine abyss at depths of more than 10.000 meters or in extremely arid deserts at heights of up to 5.000 meters is the strategy behind the field work conducted by researchers at the School of Biosciences of the University of Kent in the United Kingdom.

 Colonias de actinobacterias del desierto de Atacama/Mike Goodfellow.
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Social Sciences Chile  ATACAMA 06/06/2014

ALMA upgrade to probe supermassive black hole

Once assembled, the EHT -with ALMA as the largest and most sensitive site- will form an Earth-sized telescope with the magnifying power required to see details at the edge of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way

Scientists last week carried out a major upgrade to the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) by installing an ultraprecise atomic clock at ALMA’s Array Operations Site, home to the observatory’s supercomputing correlator. This upgrade will eventually allow ALMA to synchronize with a worldwide network of radio astronomy facilities collectively known as the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT).

 os científicos terminan la instalación del nuevo máser de hidrógeno de ALMA. Crédito: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO), C. Padilla.
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Technology Mexico  NUEVO LEÓN 05/06/2014

Tecnológico de Monterrey to develop new measuring instrument for NASA

The new meter, to be developed by Tecnológico de Monterrey Guadalajara Campus professors with the aid of students from its Engineering Division, will measure the presence of nitrous oxide

The Tecnológico de Monterrey's Guadalajara Campus is working on a new measuring instrument for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). It is a tool similar to the solar Photometer that it developed for the agency, but that this time will measure the amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere.

 La maestra Gloria Faus junto con el profesor Luis Ponce y los alumnos que trabajarán en el nuevo instrumento tuvieron su primera reunión con el científico de la NASA Edward Celarier, a través de una video conferencia.
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Technology Spain  MADRID 04/06/2014

New Launchers for Analyzing Resistance to Impacts and Improving Armor Plating

Make it possible to carry out a wide range of studies on problems of impact that arise in the aeronautics industry and on optimum armor plating in other sectors

New pneumatic launchers at the Impact on Aeronautical Structures Laboratory, located at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) Science Park, make it possible to carry out a wide range of studies on problems of impact that arise in the aeronautics industry and on optimum armor plating in other sectors.

 Nuevos lanzadores para analizar la resistencia a impactos y mejorar los blindajes. Foto: UC3M.
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Health Brazil  SãO PAULO 02/06/2014

Natural products help in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases

In experiments with rats, Brazilian researchers verified the beneficial effects of the “jatobá-do-cerrado” and the cattail

A study performed at the Institute of Biosciences of the Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) in Botucatu (SP) has determined the effectiveness of natural products derived from Brazilian plants in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The study also presents new molecular markers that may broaden the understanding of these diseases, whose etiology is yet unknown.

 Typha sp. FOTO: Mokkie.
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Technology Spain  ESPAÑA 30/05/2014
Mobilising Internet stakeholders

MAPPING: mobilising Internet stakeholders

‘MAPPING’ is an EU-financed project about Privacy, Intellectual Property Rights and Internet Governance

‘MAPPING’ is an EU-financed project built around a core idea to mobilise a wide spectrum of stakeholders and major actors and get them involved in an informed discussion on three complementary focus areas: Privacy, Intellectual Property Rights and Internet Governance.

 First event Mapping project.
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Health Colombia  ANTIOQUIA 30/05/2014

Mixed race people are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome

A recent study suggests that mixed race people are genetically prone to develop metabolic syndrome

A study conducted by a team of researchers from the University of Antioquia suggests that genetic factors may be to blame for metabolic syndrome (MS). People of African and Native American ancestry are more likely to develop abdominal obesity and diabetes.

 Síndrome metabólico, una huella genética en los mestizos.
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Social Sciences Spain  BURGOS 29/05/2014

Found in Atapuerca a case of rickets and scurvy 5.000 years ago

It is a child who, in spite of one’s short life (the death has been estimated at about 7 years of age), suffered from many nutritional problems due to the lack of vitamins

Members of the Research Team of Atapuerca (EIA) and of the University of Burgos have just published in the magazine Journal of Anthropological Sciences the best documented case of rickets and scurvy in Prehistory. The discovery has been made based on a child-like skeleton in an excellent state of preservation located in the site of El Portalón de Cueva Mayor two seasons ago. The researchers have applied the Carbon-14 dating method and have estimated that the remains belong to a boy or a girl who lived from 5,020 to 5,030 years ago.

 Esqueleto del niño Calcolítico del Portalón durante la excavación (a) y una vez restaurado en el laboratorio (b). La escala representa 10 cm. © LEH
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Nutrition Panama  BOCAS DEL TORO 29/05/2014

Boat noise in Bocas potentially harmful to dolphins

New research by visiting scientists at STRI’s Bocas del Toro Research Station shows that noise from boat motors alters the way bottlenose dolphins communicate while foraging

Panama’s once-sleepy Bocas del Toro Archipelago is an increasingly popular destination for tourists. Attractions include dolphin-watching tours around the mangrove cays of the Caribbean getaway. While the dolphin population of Bocas is relatively small — about 200 individuals — a boat tour can almost guarantee a close encounter with the charismatic creatures. Not surprisingly, dolphin-watching boat traffic has increased exponentially in recent years.

 Botes en Bocas del Toro. FOTO: STRI.
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 27/05/2014

Obtained the generation and measurement of an isolated X-ray attosecond pulse

The University of Salamanca has worked with scientists of Universities of Colorado in Boulder and Delaware in the United States, and Tsing Hua in Taiwan in a research published at the scientific magazine 'PNAS'

The Research Group in Extreme Optics of the University of Salamanca works with scientists of Universities of Colorado in Boulder and Delaware in the United States, and Tsing Hua in Taiwan, with the objective of studying the generation of X-rays by laser. The renowned scientific magazine Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) has just published a new work of this team of scientists whose novelty is that they have been able to generate and measure an isolated X-ray attosecond pulse. This advance has consequences in the development of nanotechnology because it supposes a step ahead in the control of extremely fast processes which involve high levels of energy.

 Reproducción artística de la creación de un pulso de attosegundo aislado (azul) a partir de un pulso infrarrojo láser (rojo). Crédito: Ming-Chang Chen.
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Health Brazil  SãO PAULO 27/05/2014

Lack of vitamin D impairs kidney function

Study at the Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM12) at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine (FMUSP)

In addition to the well-known problems with bone mineralization, vitamin D deficiency has recently been associated with the development of cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, high blood pressure and several types of cancer. Now, a study at the Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM12) at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine (FMUSP) has revealed that the lack of this nutrient may also impair kidney function and compromise that organ’s ability to recover from injury.

 Fotomicrografías de la corteza renal de una rata de control (arriba, a la izq.), de una rata con deficiencia de vitamina D (arriba, a la der.), de una rata isquémica (abajo, a la izq) y de una rata con deficiencia del nutriente y sometida a isquemia ren
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Science Argentina  NEUQUÉN 23/05/2014

Found the youngest species of a known Diplodocid, the only one in South America

Argentinian scientists find in North Patagonia an unknown dinosaur, but with older relatives in other continents, which was called 'Leinkupal laticauda'

Argentinian scientists have found a new species of Sauropoda dinosaur called Leinkupal laticauda, the only register of the Diplodocid family (Diplodocidae) in South America and the last of them that survived in the world, since the ones of the other continents are older. The work has just been published in the magazine PLOS ONE and talks about a small-sized dinosaur compared to the ones of its race, but with a powerful tail.

 Leinkupal laticauda se defiende de depredadores. Ilustración: Jorge Antonio González.
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Health Argentina  BUENOS AIRES 23/05/2014

Epigenetics and embryonic development: changes with consequences

CONICET researchers study how the DNA is modified in the first moments of life through the interaction with the environment

Pablo Hernán Strobl-Mazzulla, CONICET associate researcher, leads the Developmental Biology Laboratory at the Biotechnology Research Institute – Chascomús Institute of Technology (IIB-INTECH, CONICET-UNSAM). This place is dedicated to the study of epigenetic mechanisms that act in early stages of the development of vertebrates using chicken embryos as experimental models.

 Imagen de un embrión de pollo. Foto: gentileza investigadores.
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Health Colombia  BOGOTÁ D.C. 21/05/2014

APOEe4 and TOMM 40 genes could be related to Alzheimer’s development

It is estimated that Alzheimer impacts 24 million people in the world of which 250,000 are in Colombia

A research project carried out by the UNal Genetics Institute’ (IGUN, for its Spanish acronym) Neurosciences Group determined that APOEe4 and TOMM 40 genes could be related to occurrence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The research project carried out by Jenny Consuelo Ortega Rojas as her Neurosciences thesis project was entitled, “Study of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms -SNPs- in Alzheimer’s patients in a Colombian sample. Approach to haploid genotypes”.

Investigadora del Instituto de Genética de la Universidad Nacional (IGUN). FOTO: UN.
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Health Spain  SALAMANCA 20/05/2014

New therapeutic target cell against breast cancer

Scientists of Cancer Research Center of Salamanca identify a key protein in the development of the most frequent breast cancer subtypes

Scientists of Cancer Research Center of Salamanca have identified the protein R-Ras2, also known as TC21, as a therapeutic target cell against breast cancer, that is, a molecule on which, in theory, drugs to combat this illness can act. After five years of work, the researchers of this center, a mix of CSIC and the University of Salamanca, have verified that while eliminating this protein in lab rats, the growth of primary tumors has stopped and lung metastasis has been avoided. This work has been published today at the renowned scientific magazine Nature Communications.

 Mercedes Dosil, a la izquierda, y Xosé Bustelo, en el laboratorio.
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Social Sciences Spain  SALAMANCA 19/05/2014

The vast world of crystals

Studying crystals has several applications in fields like Medicine, Geology or Agriculture and the University of Salamanca counts on many research groups that are going to participate of the International Year of Crystallography

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