Nutrition Argentina  ARGENTINA 08/04/2015

New advances in the fight against cancer

A study reveals the interactions among certain microorganisms, the immune system and the development of tumors

A collaborative study between the laboratory of researcher José Conejo García of the University of Philadelphia, USA, and the Laboratorio de Inmunopatología del Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME, CONICET-FIBYME) revealed the relationship between certain microbes and the growth of distal tumor in the organism. According to the result, some intestinal bacteria activate Toll-like receptors (Toll 5 or TLR5). This leads to several inflammations that trigger tumor growth. For the researchers, the possibility of deciphering the interactions between some microbes and the immune system will promote the discovery of new ways to battle cancer.

Gabriel Rabinovich, investigador superior y Mariana Salatino, investigadora adjunta del CONICET. Foto: Comunicación Institucional IBYME.
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Social Sciences Chile  ATACAMA 07/04/2015

ALMA Disentangles Complex Birth of Giant Stars

The observation results shows the presence of multiple, or at least two, gas outflows from a protostar, indicating the possible existence of two new-born stars in this region

A research group led by Aya Higuchi, a researcher at Ibaraki University in Japan, conducted observations of the massive-star forming region IRAS 16547-4247 with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The observation results shows the presence of multiple, or at least two, gas outflows from a protostar, indicating the possible existence of two new-born stars in this region. Also, the radio observation results of molecular line emission of methanol revealed in vivid detail an hourglass structure created by gas outflows spreading outward while thrusting the ambient gas cloud away. It is the first time that such an hourglass structure was found in observations of methanol in high-mass star forming regions. 

Representación artística de la distribución del gas ambiente que rodea IRAS 16547-4247. FOTO: ALMA OBSERVATORY
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Nutrition Panama  PANAMÁ 06/04/2015

Orchid bees in the fast lane

To test a controversial theory about what sets the pace of life, scientists compare metabolism and membrane lipid composition of 22 species of orchid bees

To test a controversial theory about what sets the pace of life, scientists worked at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Panama to compare metabolism and membrane lipid composition of 22 species of orchid bees of different sizes. Their findings support a theory that the cell membranes of animals in the fast lane—that have high metabolic rates—are different from the cell membranes of animals with a slower pace of life, at least in the proportion of the fatty acids they contain.

Especie de abeja de la orquídea. FOTO: STRI
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 27/03/2015
INESPO II

The UPSA researches the key factors of corporate reputation

Experts from the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca have analysed the aspects that influence the perception of the electricity and insurance sector and are currently studying on-line reputation management

The Technological Management and Knowledge Ethics research group of the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA) has been researching the key factors of corporate reputation for the past five years. The analysis and the measurement of the perception of different groups of the public of two key sectors of the economy, that of electricity companies and that of insurance companies, has currently given rise to research in an avant-garde field: on-line reputation management.

Marcelo Vallejo, investigador del grupo de Gestión Tecnológica y �tica del Conocimiento de la UPSA.
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Technology Spain  MADRID 26/03/2015

A UC3M patent can multiply mobile devices’ uploading speed by tenfold

A jacket to connect to any mobile terminal

A patent held by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) makes a jacket able to increase by tenfold the speed at which mobile devices can upload content. This is the MIMO HUB patent, which enables its jacket, in which numerous antennas are camouflaged, to connect to any mobile terminal in order to increase its data transfer speed, reduce its energy consumption and improve its reliability.

Chaqueta inteligente. Foto: UC3M.
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Social Sciences Brazil  SãO PAULO 26/03/2015

Pigments from fluorescent flowers can have clinical applications

The petals of fluorescent flowers are pigmented with betalains, a class of colored natural product that is also present in the common beet and in bougainvillea plants

Researchers at the University of São Paulo’s Chemistry Institute (IQ-USP) in Brazil are studying naturally occurring betalains to develop methods for the preparation of betalain derivatives that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, such as malaria and cancer. The research project Floral betalamic pigments: fluorescence and antiradical capacity, which is supported by FAPESP, was coordinated by Erick Leite Bastos, a professor at IQ-USP.

Rodaja de remolacha, flor maravilla y su emisión de fluorescencia. FOTO: E. L. BASTOS
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Nutrition Argentina  TUCUMÁN 25/03/2015

Learning to look after water

Researchers of the Conicet participate in a project with schools to control water quality of rivers and streams in the province of Tucumán

Water is tasteless, colourless and odourless; and it is more than two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen: it is essential for the development of life. Although it covers more than 70% of the land surface, only 1% of the fresh water is available because the rest is mainly in the sea and the poles. Thus, water is a very scarce resource so it must be looked after and used rationality.

Análisis de insectos en el agua. FOTO: CONICET
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 24/03/2015
INESPO II

The digital showcase of radio

A project of the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca aims to make programme planning information and access to the broadcasts of all Spanish radios available to all listeners in a single Internet application

First day of class at the Faculty of Communication Studies. The lecturer is talking about "the dial" of the radio. The what? Some of the young people are not familiar with the term. They have probably never tried to tune in to a radio station on a traditional radio with its dial and numbers indicating the various frequencies on the Medium Wave (MW) or Frequency Modulation (FM) band. They belong to a generation that has grown up with digital media and with mobile phones that give access to almost all contents. The anecdote dates from the beginning of this academic year and reveals a new situation to which not all traditional means of communication are adapting in the same way.

Un usuario utiliza un móvil junto a un viejo aparato de radio.
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Social Sciences Portugal  COIMBRA 24/03/2015
INESPO II

A textbook presents Astronomy experiments aimed at Portuguese-speaking students

12 researchers from Portugal and São Tomé and Príncipe have published the book ‘From the Planet Earth to Space’, which has arisen as a result of the holding of the event ‘ECLIPSE 2013: History and Science in Príncipe’

A team of 12 researchers from Portugal and São Tomé and Príncipe have written a book entitled From the Planet Earth to Space that suggests a series of tasks and experiments in areas such as Astronomy, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Cosmology for junior high school pupils. The work, which is mainly aimed at teachers from the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa, CPLP), has a initial print run of 750 copies and has had the support of the International Bank of São Tomé and Príncipe and of the Astronomy Development Office of the International Astronomical Union.

Portada del libro Del Planeta Tierra al Espacio.
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Health Colombia  COLOMBIA 23/03/2015

Outer ears reconstructed using rib cartilage

Using this alternative, Surgeon and UNal Professor Gabriel Osorno reconstructs outer ears with live tissue by means of a technique using rib cartilage extracted from the own patient

This experience was published in the 1990s in the Colombian Journal of Plastic Surgery and in 1999 Dr. Osorno published his first series of 110 cases in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the most recognized plastic surgery journal in the world. Up to now Dr. Osorno has performed 540 reconstructive surgeries on 490 patients in Colombia.

Apariencia de una oreja reconstruida. FOTO: UN
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Technology Spain  SALAMANCA 20/03/2015
INESPO II

Podcasts, a tool for education and encouraging reading

The Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA) is working to develop a virtual sound reading club, which together with other initiatives using podcasting as an educational tool aims to help to improve oral expression in the educational system

Aurora Pérez Maíllo and Chelo Sánchez Serrano, lecturers at the Communications Faculty of the UPSA and members of the Media and Audiovisual Culture research group, have been working for years on the possibilities of podcasts, which are sound archives that users download from the internet, both for popularising radio among children and for teaching. Along these lines their most recent project is the creation of a virtual sound reading club model in which podcasts are the main user communication tool.

Aurora Pérez, Chelo Sánchez y Marcos Barajas, junto a una radio antigua.
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Social Sciences Spain  VALLADOLID 19/03/2015

Valladolid researchers help to shed light on the origin of Indo-European languages

A study published in the Nature magazine reveals that 4,500 years ago there was a massive migration of peoples from the Russian steppes to Central Europe, which favoured the expansion of Indo-European languages

Reseachers of the Prehistory and Archaeology Department of the Universidad de Valladolid (UVA) were part of the international scientific team that has shed light on the origin and expansion of Indo-European languages. In order to achieve this the most wide-ranging research work involving ancient DNA to date has been carried out, to be precise of 69 individuals who lived in Europe between 3,000 and 8,000 years ago.

Mujer joven enterrada en el sitio de Rothenschirmbach, asociado a la cultura campaniforme del Neolítico Tardío, Sajonia-Anhalt, Alemania. Credit: LDA Sachsen-Anhalt
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Health Spain  SALAMANCA 18/03/2015
INESPO II

Weight problems in young people influence their mood, their self-esteem, and the support they perceive

The Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca is researching factors related to eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia

Overweight or obese teenagers are in significantly lower spirits and have much lower self-esteem that those of normal weight. Moreover, they perceive much less social support according to research by the Psychology Faculty of the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA).

María �ngeles Gómez, investigadora de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca.
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Nutrition Portugal  COIMBRA 18/03/2015
INESPO II

Seabirds, excellent bioindicators of the health of marine ecosystems

Researchers of the Marine and Environmental Science Centre (MARE) at the University of Coimbra analyse the role of seabirds in marine resources with the ultimate aim of developing tools to help conserve the oceans

A group of researchers of the Marine and Environmental Science Centre (MARE), a joint centre of six Portuguese universities including that of Coimbra, analyses the role of seabirds in marine resources with the ultimate aim of developing tools to help conserve the oceans. The group, which is run by Professor Jaime Ramos, uses seabirds as a model of study as access to these animals is relatively easy compared with others such as fish or whales.

Trabajos de campo en la isla de Berlenga (Portugal). FOTO: Filipe Ceia.
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Science Spain  MADRID 18/03/2015

Study analyzes historic rivalry between Real Madrid and FC Barcelona

A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) analyses the historic rivalry between the two teams with the most season ticket holders in Spain

A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) analyses the historic rivalry between the two teams with the most season ticket holders in Spain: Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. The study explains the origins of their disputes, the transcendence of their encounters and their political and social influence.

Rivalidad entre Real Madrid y Barcelona. Foto: UC3M.
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Nutrition Panama  PANAMÁ 18/03/2015

Long-term tropical lizard decline linked to El Niño events

Natural ups and downs in the numbers of a tropical lizard species may be a result of global-scale El Niño events, according to a unique 40-year census conducted at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama

Natural ups and downs in the numbers of a tropical lizard species may be a result of global-scale El Niño events, according to a unique 40-year census conducted at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. The estimated number of lizards on Barro Colorado Island has declined dramatically: In the last decade, census takers recorded only about 35 percent of the number of lizards, Anolis apletophallus, present during 1970-1980.

Anolis apletophallus, lagartija tropical. FOTO: STRI
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Health Spain  MADRID 17/03/2015

New system for detecting adverse effects of medications using social media

Researchers at Carlos III Universidad de Madrid (UC3M) have developed a system for detecting adverse effects of pharmaceutical drugs

Researchers at Carlos III Universidad de Madrid (UC3M) have developed a system for detecting adverse effects of pharmaceutical drugs by tracking information generated by patients on specialized blogs or social networks such as Twitter in real time.

Medicamentos y redes sociales. Imagen: UC3M.
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Health Portugal  COIMBRA 17/03/2015
INESPO II

Progress in the study of the mitochondrial changes that occur with cancer

Researchers of the MitoXT Laboratory of the Neuroscience and Cell Biology Centre of the University of Coimbra are studying in depth how these changes may act as a therapeutic objective

Mitochondria are organelles that play an essential role in the cell. As well as being responsible for cellular respiration, they regulate death, the signalling of calcium, the synthesis of steroids, redox homeostasis (the reduction-oxidation reaction), and cell ions. Researchers of the MitoXT (Mitochondrial Toxicology and Experimental Therapeutics) Laboratory of the Neuroscience and Cell Biology Centre of the University of Coimbra in Portugal are working essentially on assessing mitochondrial changes in cancer.

Una investigadora del laboratorio MitoXT (Mitochondrial Toxicology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory) del Centro para la Neurociencia y la Biología Celular de la Universidad de Coimbra (Portugal). FOTO: Teresa Serafim
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Social Sciences Argentina  ARGENTINA 16/03/2015

Conicet researchers contribute to the knowledge on the regulation mechanisms of genes in eukaryotic organisms

In the future, these findings may be applied in agricultural and health issues to provide for creative solutions

Marcelo Yanovsky, researcher of the Conicet at the Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA, CONICET-IIBFL) [Institute of Biochemical Research of Buenos Aires] and his lab team proved that LSM genes, which are present in all eukaryotic organisms ranging from yeast to humans, are controlled by a biological clock. Experts affirm that faults in its function alter circadian rhythms not only in the plant world but also in in vitro culture human cells.

Marcelo Yanovsky junto a su equipo de trabajo. FOTO: M. YANOVSKY
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Health Brazil  BRASIL 13/03/2015

Test can help plan therapy against rheumatoid arthritis

The findings were recently published in 'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)'

A test developed and patented by researchers in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, makes it possible to identify patients with rheumatoid arthritis who will not respond to the drug methotrexate (MTX) even before treatment has begun. MTX is considered the gold standard for combating the disease.

Radiografía de la mano de un paciente con artritis reumatoide (imagen: Wikipedia)
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